To get this branch, use:
bzr branch
http://bzr.recompile.se/loggerhead/mandos/trunk
« back to all changes in this revision
Viewing changes to mandos
- browse files at revision 24.1.186
- compare with another revision
- download diff
- download tarball
- view history from revision 24.1.186
- Committer: Björn Påhlsson
- Date: 2011-10-02 19:18:24 UTC
- mto: This revision was merged to the branch mainline in revision 505.
- Revision ID: belorn@fukt.bsnet.se-20111002191824-eweh4pvneeg3qzia
transitional stuff actually working
documented change to D-Bus API
documented change to D-Bus API
- files added:
- DBUS-API
- debian/po
- debian/source
- files removed:
- etc-plugins.d-README
- files modified:
- .bzrignore
added
removed
mandos
6
6
# This program is partly derived from an example program for an Avahi
7
7
# service publisher, downloaded from
8
8
# <http://avahi.org/wiki/PythonPublishExample>. This includes the
9
# methods "add" and "remove" in the "AvahiService" class, the
10
# "server_state_changed" and "entry_group_state_changed" functions,
11
# and some lines in "main".
9
# methods "add", "remove", "server_state_changed",
10
# "entry_group_state_changed", "cleanup", and "activate" in the
11
# "AvahiService" class, and some lines in "main".
12
12
#
13
13
# Everything else is
14
# Copyright © 2007-2008 Teddy Hogeborn & Björn Påhlsson
14
# Copyright © 2008-2011 Teddy Hogeborn
15
# Copyright © 2008-2011 Björn Påhlsson
15
16
#
16
17
# This program is free software: you can redistribute it and/or modify
17
18
# it under the terms of the GNU General Public License as published by
30
31
# Contact the authors at <mandos@fukt.bsnet.se>.
31
32
#
32
33
33
from __future__ import division
34
from __future__ import (division, absolute_import, print_function,
35
unicode_literals)
34
36
35
import SocketServer
37
import SocketServer as socketserver
36
38
import socket
37
import select
38
from optparse import OptionParser
39
import argparse
39
40
import datetime
40
41
import errno
41
42
import gnutls.crypto
44
45
import gnutls.library.functions
45
46
import gnutls.library.constants
46
47
import gnutls.library.types
47
import ConfigParser
48
import ConfigParser as configparser
48
49
import sys
49
50
import re
50
51
import os
51
52
import signal
52
from sets import Set
53
53
import subprocess
54
54
import atexit
55
55
import stat
56
56
import logging
57
57
import logging.handlers
58
58
import pwd
59
import contextlib
60
import struct
61
import fcntl
62
import functools
63
import cPickle as pickle
64
import multiprocessing
65
import types
59
66
60
67
import dbus
68
import dbus.service
61
69
import gobject
62
70
import avahi
63
71
from dbus.mainloop.glib import DBusGMainLoop
64
72
import ctypes
65
66
version = "1.0"
67
73
import ctypes.util
74
import xml.dom.minidom
75
import inspect
76
77
try:
78
SO_BINDTODEVICE = socket.SO_BINDTODEVICE
79
except AttributeError:
80
try:
81
from IN import SO_BINDTODEVICE
82
except ImportError:
83
SO_BINDTODEVICE = None
84
85
86
version = "1.3.1"
87
88
#logger = logging.getLogger('mandos')
68
89
logger = logging.Logger('mandos')
69
syslogger = logging.handlers.SysLogHandler\
70
(facility = logging.handlers.SysLogHandler.LOG_DAEMON,
71
address = "/dev/log")
72
syslogger.setFormatter(logging.Formatter\
73
('Mandos: %(levelname)s: %(message)s'))
90
syslogger = (logging.handlers.SysLogHandler
91
(facility = logging.handlers.SysLogHandler.LOG_DAEMON,
92
address = str("/dev/log")))
93
syslogger.setFormatter(logging.Formatter
94
('Mandos [%(process)d]: %(levelname)s:'
95
' %(message)s'))
74
96
logger.addHandler(syslogger)
75
97
76
98
console = logging.StreamHandler()
77
console.setFormatter(logging.Formatter('%(name)s: %(levelname)s:'
99
console.setFormatter(logging.Formatter('%(name)s [%(process)d]:'
100
' %(levelname)s:'
78
101
' %(message)s'))
79
102
logger.addHandler(console)
80
103
81
104
class AvahiError(Exception):
82
def __init__(self, value):
105
def __init__(self, value, *args, **kwargs):
83
106
self.value = value
84
def __str__(self):
85
return repr(self.value)
107
super(AvahiError, self).__init__(value, *args, **kwargs)
108
def __unicode__(self):
109
return unicode(repr(self.value))
86
110
87
111
class AvahiServiceError(AvahiError):
88
112
pass
93
117
94
118
class AvahiService(object):
95
119
"""An Avahi (Zeroconf) service.
120
96
121
Attributes:
97
122
interface: integer; avahi.IF_UNSPEC or an interface index.
98
123
Used to optionally bind to the specified interface.
106
131
max_renames: integer; maximum number of renames
107
132
rename_count: integer; counter so we only rename after collisions
108
133
a sensible number of times
134
group: D-Bus Entry Group
135
server: D-Bus Server
136
bus: dbus.SystemBus()
109
137
"""
110
138
def __init__(self, interface = avahi.IF_UNSPEC, name = None,
111
type = None, port = None, TXT = None, domain = "",
112
host = "", max_renames = 32768):
139
servicetype = None, port = None, TXT = None,
140
domain = "", host = "", max_renames = 32768,
141
protocol = avahi.PROTO_UNSPEC, bus = None):
113
142
self.interface = interface
114
143
self.name = name
115
self.type = type
144
self.type = servicetype
116
145
self.port = port
117
if TXT is None:
118
self.TXT = []
119
else:
120
self.TXT = TXT
146
self.TXT = TXT if TXT is not None else []
121
147
self.domain = domain
122
148
self.host = host
123
149
self.rename_count = 0
124
150
self.max_renames = max_renames
151
self.protocol = protocol
152
self.group = None # our entry group
153
self.server = None
154
self.bus = bus
155
self.entry_group_state_changed_match = None
125
156
def rename(self):
126
157
"""Derived from the Avahi example code"""
127
158
if self.rename_count >= self.max_renames:
128
logger.critical(u"No suitable Zeroconf service name found"
129
u" after %i retries, exiting.",
130
rename_count)
159
logger.critical("No suitable Zeroconf service name found"
160
" after %i retries, exiting.",
161
self.rename_count)
131
162
raise AvahiServiceError("Too many renames")
132
self.name = server.GetAlternativeServiceName(self.name)
133
logger.info(u"Changing Zeroconf service name to %r ...",
134
str(self.name))
135
syslogger.setFormatter(logging.Formatter\
136
('Mandos (%s): %%(levelname)s:'
137
' %%(message)s' % self.name))
163
self.name = unicode(self.server.GetAlternativeServiceName(self.name))
164
logger.info("Changing Zeroconf service name to %r ...",
165
self.name)
166
syslogger.setFormatter(logging.Formatter
167
('Mandos (%s) [%%(process)d]:'
168
' %%(levelname)s: %%(message)s'
169
% self.name))
138
170
self.remove()
139
self.add()
171
try:
172
self.add()
173
except dbus.exceptions.DBusException as error:
174
logger.critical("DBusException: %s", error)
175
self.cleanup()
176
os._exit(1)
140
177
self.rename_count += 1
141
178
def remove(self):
142
179
"""Derived from the Avahi example code"""
143
if group is not None:
144
group.Reset()
180
if self.entry_group_state_changed_match is not None:
181
self.entry_group_state_changed_match.remove()
182
self.entry_group_state_changed_match = None
183
if self.group is not None:
184
self.group.Reset()
145
185
def add(self):
146
186
"""Derived from the Avahi example code"""
147
global group
148
if group is None:
149
group = dbus.Interface\
150
(bus.get_object(avahi.DBUS_NAME,
151
server.EntryGroupNew()),
152
avahi.DBUS_INTERFACE_ENTRY_GROUP)
153
group.connect_to_signal('StateChanged',
154
entry_group_state_changed)
155
logger.debug(u"Adding Zeroconf service '%s' of type '%s' ...",
156
service.name, service.type)
157
group.AddService(
158
self.interface, # interface
159
avahi.PROTO_INET6, # protocol
160
dbus.UInt32(0), # flags
161
self.name, self.type,
162
self.domain, self.host,
163
dbus.UInt16(self.port),
164
avahi.string_array_to_txt_array(self.TXT))
165
group.Commit()
166
167
# From the Avahi example code:
168
group = None # our entry group
169
# End of Avahi example code
170
171
187
self.remove()
188
if self.group is None:
189
self.group = dbus.Interface(
190
self.bus.get_object(avahi.DBUS_NAME,
191
self.server.EntryGroupNew()),
192
avahi.DBUS_INTERFACE_ENTRY_GROUP)
193
self.entry_group_state_changed_match = (
194
self.group.connect_to_signal(
195
'StateChanged', self .entry_group_state_changed))
196
logger.debug("Adding Zeroconf service '%s' of type '%s' ...",
197
self.name, self.type)
198
self.group.AddService(
199
self.interface,
200
self.protocol,
201
dbus.UInt32(0), # flags
202
self.name, self.type,
203
self.domain, self.host,
204
dbus.UInt16(self.port),
205
avahi.string_array_to_txt_array(self.TXT))
206
self.group.Commit()
207
def entry_group_state_changed(self, state, error):
208
"""Derived from the Avahi example code"""
209
logger.debug("Avahi entry group state change: %i", state)
210
211
if state == avahi.ENTRY_GROUP_ESTABLISHED:
212
logger.debug("Zeroconf service established.")
213
elif state == avahi.ENTRY_GROUP_COLLISION:
214
logger.info("Zeroconf service name collision.")
215
self.rename()
216
elif state == avahi.ENTRY_GROUP_FAILURE:
217
logger.critical("Avahi: Error in group state changed %s",
218
unicode(error))
219
raise AvahiGroupError("State changed: %s"
220
% unicode(error))
221
def cleanup(self):
222
"""Derived from the Avahi example code"""
223
if self.group is not None:
224
try:
225
self.group.Free()
226
except (dbus.exceptions.UnknownMethodException,
227
dbus.exceptions.DBusException) as e:
228
pass
229
self.group = None
230
self.remove()
231
def server_state_changed(self, state, error=None):
232
"""Derived from the Avahi example code"""
233
logger.debug("Avahi server state change: %i", state)
234
bad_states = { avahi.SERVER_INVALID:
235
"Zeroconf server invalid",
236
avahi.SERVER_REGISTERING: None,
237
avahi.SERVER_COLLISION:
238
"Zeroconf server name collision",
239
avahi.SERVER_FAILURE:
240
"Zeroconf server failure" }
241
if state in bad_states:
242
if bad_states[state] is not None:
243
if error is None:
244
logger.error(bad_states[state])
245
else:
246
logger.error(bad_states[state] + ": %r", error)
247
self.cleanup()
248
elif state == avahi.SERVER_RUNNING:
249
self.add()
250
else:
251
if error is None:
252
logger.debug("Unknown state: %r", state)
253
else:
254
logger.debug("Unknown state: %r: %r", state, error)
255
def activate(self):
256
"""Derived from the Avahi example code"""
257
if self.server is None:
258
self.server = dbus.Interface(
259
self.bus.get_object(avahi.DBUS_NAME,
260
avahi.DBUS_PATH_SERVER,
261
follow_name_owner_changes=True),
262
avahi.DBUS_INTERFACE_SERVER)
263
self.server.connect_to_signal("StateChanged",
264
self.server_state_changed)
265
self.server_state_changed(self.server.GetState())
266
267
268
def _timedelta_to_milliseconds(td):
269
"Convert a datetime.timedelta() to milliseconds"
270
return ((td.days * 24 * 60 * 60 * 1000)
271
+ (td.seconds * 1000)
272
+ (td.microseconds // 1000))
273
172
274
class Client(object):
173
275
"""A representation of a client host served by this server.
276
174
277
Attributes:
175
name: string; from the config file, used in log messages
278
_approved: bool(); 'None' if not yet approved/disapproved
279
approval_delay: datetime.timedelta(); Time to wait for approval
280
approval_duration: datetime.timedelta(); Duration of one approval
281
checker: subprocess.Popen(); a running checker process used
282
to see if the client lives.
283
'None' if no process is running.
284
checker_callback_tag: a gobject event source tag, or None
285
checker_command: string; External command which is run to check
286
if client lives. %() expansions are done at
287
runtime with vars(self) as dict, so that for
288
instance %(name)s can be used in the command.
289
checker_initiator_tag: a gobject event source tag, or None
290
created: datetime.datetime(); (UTC) object creation
291
current_checker_command: string; current running checker_command
292
disable_hook: If set, called by disable() as disable_hook(self)
293
disable_initiator_tag: a gobject event source tag, or None
294
enabled: bool()
176
295
fingerprint: string (40 or 32 hexadecimal digits); used to
177
296
uniquely identify the client
178
secret: bytestring; sent verbatim (over TLS) to client
179
host: string; available for use by the checker command
180
created: datetime.datetime(); object creation, not client host
181
last_checked_ok: datetime.datetime() or None if not yet checked OK
182
timeout: datetime.timedelta(); How long from last_checked_ok
183
until this client is invalid
184
interval: datetime.timedelta(); How often to start a new checker
185
stop_hook: If set, called by stop() as stop_hook(self)
186
checker: subprocess.Popen(); a running checker process used
187
to see if the client lives.
188
'None' if no process is running.
189
checker_initiator_tag: a gobject event source tag, or None
190
stop_initiator_tag: - '' -
191
checker_callback_tag: - '' -
192
checker_command: string; External command which is run to check if
193
client lives. %() expansions are done at
194
runtime with vars(self) as dict, so that for
195
instance %(name)s can be used in the command.
196
Private attibutes:
197
_timeout: Real variable for 'timeout'
198
_interval: Real variable for 'interval'
199
_timeout_milliseconds: Used when calling gobject.timeout_add()
200
_interval_milliseconds: - '' -
297
host: string; available for use by the checker command
298
interval: datetime.timedelta(); How often to start a new checker
299
last_approval_request: datetime.datetime(); (UTC) or None
300
last_checked_ok: datetime.datetime(); (UTC) or None
301
last_enabled: datetime.datetime(); (UTC)
302
name: string; from the config file, used in log messages and
303
D-Bus identifiers
304
secret: bytestring; sent verbatim (over TLS) to client
305
timeout: datetime.timedelta(); How long from last_checked_ok
306
until this client is disabled
307
extended_timeout: extra long timeout when password has been sent
308
runtime_expansions: Allowed attributes for runtime expansion.
309
expires: datetime.datetime(); time (UTC) when a client will be
310
disabled, or None
201
311
"""
202
def _set_timeout(self, timeout):
203
"Setter function for 'timeout' attribute"
204
self._timeout = timeout
205
self._timeout_milliseconds = ((self.timeout.days
206
* 24 * 60 * 60 * 1000)
207
+ (self.timeout.seconds * 1000)
208
+ (self.timeout.microseconds
209
// 1000))
210
timeout = property(lambda self: self._timeout,
211
_set_timeout)
212
del _set_timeout
213
def _set_interval(self, interval):
214
"Setter function for 'interval' attribute"
215
self._interval = interval
216
self._interval_milliseconds = ((self.interval.days
217
* 24 * 60 * 60 * 1000)
218
+ (self.interval.seconds
219
* 1000)
220
+ (self.interval.microseconds
221
// 1000))
222
interval = property(lambda self: self._interval,
223
_set_interval)
224
del _set_interval
225
def __init__(self, name = None, stop_hook=None, config={}):
312
313
runtime_expansions = ("approval_delay", "approval_duration",
314
"created", "enabled", "fingerprint",
315
"host", "interval", "last_checked_ok",
316
"last_enabled", "name", "timeout")
317
318
def timeout_milliseconds(self):
319
"Return the 'timeout' attribute in milliseconds"
320
return _timedelta_to_milliseconds(self.timeout)
321
322
def extended_timeout_milliseconds(self):
323
"Return the 'extended_timeout' attribute in milliseconds"
324
return _timedelta_to_milliseconds(self.extended_timeout)
325
326
def interval_milliseconds(self):
327
"Return the 'interval' attribute in milliseconds"
328
return _timedelta_to_milliseconds(self.interval)
329
330
def approval_delay_milliseconds(self):
331
return _timedelta_to_milliseconds(self.approval_delay)
332
333
def __init__(self, name = None, disable_hook=None, config=None):
226
334
"""Note: the 'checker' key in 'config' sets the
227
335
'checker_command' attribute and *not* the 'checker'
228
336
attribute."""
229
337
self.name = name
230
logger.debug(u"Creating client %r", self.name)
338
if config is None:
339
config = {}
340
logger.debug("Creating client %r", self.name)
231
341
# Uppercase and remove spaces from fingerprint for later
232
342
# comparison purposes with return value from the fingerprint()
233
343
# function
234
self.fingerprint = config["fingerprint"].upper()\
235
.replace(u" ", u"")
236
logger.debug(u" Fingerprint: %s", self.fingerprint)
344
self.fingerprint = (config["fingerprint"].upper()
345
.replace(" ", ""))
346
logger.debug(" Fingerprint: %s", self.fingerprint)
237
347
if "secret" in config:
238
self.secret = config["secret"].decode(u"base64")
348
self.secret = config["secret"].decode("base64")
239
349
elif "secfile" in config:
240
sf = open(config["secfile"])
241
self.secret = sf.read()
242
sf.close()
350
with open(os.path.expanduser(os.path.expandvars
351
(config["secfile"])),
352
"rb") as secfile:
353
self.secret = secfile.read()
243
354
else:
244
raise TypeError(u"No secret or secfile for client %s"
355
raise TypeError("No secret or secfile for client %s"
245
356
% self.name)
246
357
self.host = config.get("host", "")
247
self.created = datetime.datetime.now()
358
self.created = datetime.datetime.utcnow()
359
self.enabled = False
360
self.last_approval_request = None
361
self.last_enabled = None
248
362
self.last_checked_ok = None
249
363
self.timeout = string_to_delta(config["timeout"])
364
self.extended_timeout = string_to_delta(config["extended_timeout"])
250
365
self.interval = string_to_delta(config["interval"])
251
self.stop_hook = stop_hook
366
self.disable_hook = disable_hook
252
367
self.checker = None
253
368
self.checker_initiator_tag = None
254
self.stop_initiator_tag = None
369
self.disable_initiator_tag = None
370
self.expires = None
255
371
self.checker_callback_tag = None
256
self.check_command = config["checker"]
257
def start(self):
372
self.checker_command = config["checker"]
373
self.current_checker_command = None
374
self.last_connect = None
375
self._approved = None
376
self.approved_by_default = config.get("approved_by_default",
377
True)
378
self.approvals_pending = 0
379
self.approval_delay = string_to_delta(
380
config["approval_delay"])
381
self.approval_duration = string_to_delta(
382
config["approval_duration"])
383
self.changedstate = multiprocessing_manager.Condition(multiprocessing_manager.Lock())
384
385
def send_changedstate(self):
386
self.changedstate.acquire()
387
self.changedstate.notify_all()
388
self.changedstate.release()
389
390
def enable(self):
258
391
"""Start this client's checker and timeout hooks"""
392
if getattr(self, "enabled", False):
393
# Already enabled
394
return
395
self.send_changedstate()
259
396
# Schedule a new checker to be started an 'interval' from now,
260
397
# and every interval from then on.
261
self.checker_initiator_tag = gobject.timeout_add\
262
(self._interval_milliseconds,
263
self.start_checker)
398
self.checker_initiator_tag = (gobject.timeout_add
399
(self.interval_milliseconds(),
400
self.start_checker))
401
# Schedule a disable() when 'timeout' has passed
402
self.expires = datetime.datetime.utcnow() + self.timeout
403
self.disable_initiator_tag = (gobject.timeout_add
404
(self.timeout_milliseconds(),
405
self.disable))
406
self.enabled = True
407
self.last_enabled = datetime.datetime.utcnow()
264
408
# Also start a new checker *right now*.
265
409
self.start_checker()
266
# Schedule a stop() when 'timeout' has passed
267
self.stop_initiator_tag = gobject.timeout_add\
268
(self._timeout_milliseconds,
269
self.stop)
270
def stop(self):
271
"""Stop this client.
272
The possibility that a client might be restarted is left open,
273
but not currently used."""
274
# If this client doesn't have a secret, it is already stopped.
275
if hasattr(self, "secret") and self.secret:
276
logger.info(u"Stopping client %s", self.name)
277
self.secret = None
278
else:
410
411
def disable(self, quiet=True):
412
"""Disable this client."""
413
if not getattr(self, "enabled", False):
279
414
return False
280
if getattr(self, "stop_initiator_tag", False):
281
gobject.source_remove(self.stop_initiator_tag)
282
self.stop_initiator_tag = None
415
if not quiet:
416
self.send_changedstate()
417
if not quiet:
418
logger.info("Disabling client %s", self.name)
419
if getattr(self, "disable_initiator_tag", False):
420
gobject.source_remove(self.disable_initiator_tag)
421
self.disable_initiator_tag = None
422
self.expires = None
283
423
if getattr(self, "checker_initiator_tag", False):
284
424
gobject.source_remove(self.checker_initiator_tag)
285
425
self.checker_initiator_tag = None
286
426
self.stop_checker()
287
if self.stop_hook:
288
self.stop_hook(self)
427
if self.disable_hook:
428
self.disable_hook(self)
429
self.enabled = False
289
430
# Do not run this again if called by a gobject.timeout_add
290
431
return False
432
291
433
def __del__(self):
292
self.stop_hook = None
293
self.stop()
294
def checker_callback(self, pid, condition):
434
self.disable_hook = None
435
self.disable()
436
437
def checker_callback(self, pid, condition, command):
295
438
"""The checker has completed, so take appropriate actions."""
296
now = datetime.datetime.now()
297
439
self.checker_callback_tag = None
298
440
self.checker = None
299
if os.WIFEXITED(condition) \
300
and (os.WEXITSTATUS(condition) == 0):
301
logger.info(u"Checker for %(name)s succeeded",
302
vars(self))
303
self.last_checked_ok = now
304
gobject.source_remove(self.stop_initiator_tag)
305
self.stop_initiator_tag = gobject.timeout_add\
306
(self._timeout_milliseconds,
307
self.stop)
308
elif not os.WIFEXITED(condition):
309
logger.warning(u"Checker for %(name)s crashed?",
441
if os.WIFEXITED(condition):
442
exitstatus = os.WEXITSTATUS(condition)
443
if exitstatus == 0:
444
logger.info("Checker for %(name)s succeeded",
445
vars(self))
446
self.checked_ok()
447
else:
448
logger.info("Checker for %(name)s failed",
449
vars(self))
450
else:
451
logger.warning("Checker for %(name)s crashed?",
310
452
vars(self))
311
else:
312
logger.info(u"Checker for %(name)s failed",
313
vars(self))
453
454
def checked_ok(self, timeout=None):
455
"""Bump up the timeout for this client.
456
457
This should only be called when the client has been seen,
458
alive and well.
459
"""
460
if timeout is None:
461
timeout = self.timeout
462
self.last_checked_ok = datetime.datetime.utcnow()
463
gobject.source_remove(self.disable_initiator_tag)
464
self.expires = datetime.datetime.utcnow() + timeout
465
self.disable_initiator_tag = (gobject.timeout_add
466
(_timedelta_to_milliseconds(timeout),
467
self.disable))
468
469
def need_approval(self):
470
self.last_approval_request = datetime.datetime.utcnow()
471
314
472
def start_checker(self):
315
473
"""Start a new checker subprocess if one is not running.
474
316
475
If a checker already exists, leave it running and do
317
476
nothing."""
318
477
# The reason for not killing a running checker is that if we
321
480
# client would inevitably timeout, since no checker would get
322
481
# a chance to run to completion. If we instead leave running
323
482
# checkers alone, the checker would have to take more time
324
# than 'timeout' for the client to be declared invalid, which
325
# is as it should be.
483
# than 'timeout' for the client to be disabled, which is as it
484
# should be.
485
486
# If a checker exists, make sure it is not a zombie
487
try:
488
pid, status = os.waitpid(self.checker.pid, os.WNOHANG)
489
except (AttributeError, OSError) as error:
490
if (isinstance(error, OSError)
491
and error.errno != errno.ECHILD):
492
raise error
493
else:
494
if pid:
495
logger.warning("Checker was a zombie")
496
gobject.source_remove(self.checker_callback_tag)
497
self.checker_callback(pid, status,
498
self.current_checker_command)
499
# Start a new checker if needed
326
500
if self.checker is None:
327
501
try:
328
# In case check_command has exactly one % operator
329
command = self.check_command % self.host
502
# In case checker_command has exactly one % operator
503
command = self.checker_command % self.host
330
504
except TypeError:
331
505
# Escape attributes for the shell
332
escaped_attrs = dict((key, re.escape(str(val)))
333
for key, val in
334
vars(self).iteritems())
506
escaped_attrs = dict(
507
(attr,
508
re.escape(unicode(str(getattr(self, attr, "")),
509
errors=
510
'replace')))
511
for attr in
512
self.runtime_expansions)
513
335
514
try:
336
command = self.check_command % escaped_attrs
337
except TypeError, error:
338
logger.error(u'Could not format string "%s":'
339
u' %s', self.check_command, error)
515
command = self.checker_command % escaped_attrs
516
except TypeError as error:
517
logger.error('Could not format string "%s":'
518
' %s', self.checker_command, error)
340
519
return True # Try again later
520
self.current_checker_command = command
341
521
try:
342
logger.info(u"Starting checker %r for %s",
522
logger.info("Starting checker %r for %s",
343
523
command, self.name)
344
524
# We don't need to redirect stdout and stderr, since
345
525
# in normal mode, that is already done by daemon(),
348
528
self.checker = subprocess.Popen(command,
349
529
close_fds=True,
350
530
shell=True, cwd="/")
351
self.checker_callback_tag = gobject.child_watch_add\
352
(self.checker.pid,
353
self.checker_callback)
354
except OSError, error:
355
logger.error(u"Failed to start subprocess: %s",
531
self.checker_callback_tag = (gobject.child_watch_add
532
(self.checker.pid,
533
self.checker_callback,
534
data=command))
535
# The checker may have completed before the gobject
536
# watch was added. Check for this.
537
pid, status = os.waitpid(self.checker.pid, os.WNOHANG)
538
if pid:
539
gobject.source_remove(self.checker_callback_tag)
540
self.checker_callback(pid, status, command)
541
except OSError as error:
542
logger.error("Failed to start subprocess: %s",
356
543
error)
357
544
# Re-run this periodically if run by gobject.timeout_add
358
545
return True
546
359
547
def stop_checker(self):
360
548
"""Force the checker process, if any, to stop."""
361
549
if self.checker_callback_tag:
363
551
self.checker_callback_tag = None
364
552
if getattr(self, "checker", None) is None:
365
553
return
366
logger.debug(u"Stopping checker for %(name)s", vars(self))
554
logger.debug("Stopping checker for %(name)s", vars(self))
367
555
try:
368
556
os.kill(self.checker.pid, signal.SIGTERM)
369
#os.sleep(0.5)
557
#time.sleep(0.5)
370
558
#if self.checker.poll() is None:
371
559
# os.kill(self.checker.pid, signal.SIGKILL)
372
except OSError, error:
560
except OSError as error:
373
561
if error.errno != errno.ESRCH: # No such process
374
562
raise
375
563
self.checker = None
376
def still_valid(self):
377
"""Has the timeout not yet passed for this client?"""
378
now = datetime.datetime.now()
379
if self.last_checked_ok is None:
380
return now < (self.created + self.timeout)
381
else:
382
return now < (self.last_checked_ok + self.timeout)
383
384
385
def peer_certificate(session):
386
"Return the peer's OpenPGP certificate as a bytestring"
387
# If not an OpenPGP certificate...
388
if gnutls.library.functions.gnutls_certificate_type_get\
389
(session._c_object) \
390
!= gnutls.library.constants.GNUTLS_CRT_OPENPGP:
391
# ...do the normal thing
392
return session.peer_certificate
393
list_size = ctypes.c_uint()
394
cert_list = gnutls.library.functions.gnutls_certificate_get_peers\
395
(session._c_object, ctypes.byref(list_size))
396
if list_size.value == 0:
397
return None
398
cert = cert_list[0]
399
return ctypes.string_at(cert.data, cert.size)
400
401
402
def fingerprint(openpgp):
403
"Convert an OpenPGP bytestring to a hexdigit fingerprint string"
404
# New GnuTLS "datum" with the OpenPGP public key
405
datum = gnutls.library.types.gnutls_datum_t\
406
(ctypes.cast(ctypes.c_char_p(openpgp),
407
ctypes.POINTER(ctypes.c_ubyte)),
408
ctypes.c_uint(len(openpgp)))
409
# New empty GnuTLS certificate
410
crt = gnutls.library.types.gnutls_openpgp_crt_t()
411
gnutls.library.functions.gnutls_openpgp_crt_init\
412
(ctypes.byref(crt))
413
# Import the OpenPGP public key into the certificate
414
gnutls.library.functions.gnutls_openpgp_crt_import\
415
(crt, ctypes.byref(datum),
416
gnutls.library.constants.GNUTLS_OPENPGP_FMT_RAW)
417
# Verify the self signature in the key
418
crtverify = ctypes.c_uint();
419
gnutls.library.functions.gnutls_openpgp_crt_verify_self\
420
(crt, 0, ctypes.byref(crtverify))
421
if crtverify.value != 0:
422
gnutls.library.functions.gnutls_openpgp_crt_deinit(crt)
423
raise gnutls.errors.CertificateSecurityError("Verify failed")
424
# New buffer for the fingerprint
425
buffer = ctypes.create_string_buffer(20)
426
buffer_length = ctypes.c_size_t()
427
# Get the fingerprint from the certificate into the buffer
428
gnutls.library.functions.gnutls_openpgp_crt_get_fingerprint\
429
(crt, ctypes.byref(buffer), ctypes.byref(buffer_length))
430
# Deinit the certificate
431
gnutls.library.functions.gnutls_openpgp_crt_deinit(crt)
432
# Convert the buffer to a Python bytestring
433
fpr = ctypes.string_at(buffer, buffer_length.value)
434
# Convert the bytestring to hexadecimal notation
435
hex_fpr = u''.join(u"%02X" % ord(char) for char in fpr)
436
return hex_fpr
437
438
439
class tcp_handler(SocketServer.BaseRequestHandler, object):
440
"""A TCP request handler class.
441
Instantiated by IPv6_TCPServer for each request to handle it.
564
565
566
def dbus_service_property(dbus_interface, signature="v",
567
access="readwrite", byte_arrays=False):
568
"""Decorators for marking methods of a DBusObjectWithProperties to
569
become properties on the D-Bus.
570
571
The decorated method will be called with no arguments by "Get"
572
and with one argument by "Set".
573
574
The parameters, where they are supported, are the same as
575
dbus.service.method, except there is only "signature", since the
576
type from Get() and the type sent to Set() is the same.
577
"""
578
# Encoding deeply encoded byte arrays is not supported yet by the
579
# "Set" method, so we fail early here:
580
if byte_arrays and signature != "ay":
581
raise ValueError("Byte arrays not supported for non-'ay'"
582
" signature %r" % signature)
583
def decorator(func):
584
func._dbus_is_property = True
585
func._dbus_interface = dbus_interface
586
func._dbus_signature = signature
587
func._dbus_access = access
588
func._dbus_name = func.__name__
589
if func._dbus_name.endswith("_dbus_property"):
590
func._dbus_name = func._dbus_name[:-14]
591
func._dbus_get_args_options = {'byte_arrays': byte_arrays }
592
return func
593
return decorator
594
595
596
class DBusPropertyException(dbus.exceptions.DBusException):
597
"""A base class for D-Bus property-related exceptions
598
"""
599
def __unicode__(self):
600
return unicode(str(self))
601
602
603
class DBusPropertyAccessException(DBusPropertyException):
604
"""A property's access permissions disallows an operation.
605
"""
606
pass
607
608
609
class DBusPropertyNotFound(DBusPropertyException):
610
"""An attempt was made to access a non-existing property.
611
"""
612
pass
613
614
615
class DBusObjectWithProperties(dbus.service.Object):
616
"""A D-Bus object with properties.
617
618
Classes inheriting from this can use the dbus_service_property
619
decorator to expose methods as D-Bus properties. It exposes the
620
standard Get(), Set(), and GetAll() methods on the D-Bus.
621
"""
622
623
@staticmethod
624
def _is_dbus_property(obj):
625
return getattr(obj, "_dbus_is_property", False)
626
627
def _get_all_dbus_properties(self):
628
"""Returns a generator of (name, attribute) pairs
629
"""
630
return ((prop.__get__(self)._dbus_name, prop.__get__(self))
631
for cls in self.__class__.__mro__
632
for name, prop in inspect.getmembers(cls, self._is_dbus_property))
633
634
def _get_dbus_property(self, interface_name, property_name):
635
"""Returns a bound method if one exists which is a D-Bus
636
property with the specified name and interface.
637
"""
638
for cls in self.__class__.__mro__:
639
for name, value in inspect.getmembers(cls, self._is_dbus_property):
640
if value._dbus_name == property_name and value._dbus_interface == interface_name:
641
return value.__get__(self)
642
643
# No such property
644
raise DBusPropertyNotFound(self.dbus_object_path + ":"
645
+ interface_name + "."
646
+ property_name)
647
648
649
@dbus.service.method(dbus.PROPERTIES_IFACE, in_signature="ss",
650
out_signature="v")
651
def Get(self, interface_name, property_name):
652
"""Standard D-Bus property Get() method, see D-Bus standard.
653
"""
654
prop = self._get_dbus_property(interface_name, property_name)
655
if prop._dbus_access == "write":
656
raise DBusPropertyAccessException(property_name)
657
value = prop()
658
if not hasattr(value, "variant_level"):
659
return value
660
return type(value)(value, variant_level=value.variant_level+1)
661
662
@dbus.service.method(dbus.PROPERTIES_IFACE, in_signature="ssv")
663
def Set(self, interface_name, property_name, value):
664
"""Standard D-Bus property Set() method, see D-Bus standard.
665
"""
666
prop = self._get_dbus_property(interface_name, property_name)
667
if prop._dbus_access == "read":
668
raise DBusPropertyAccessException(property_name)
669
if prop._dbus_get_args_options["byte_arrays"]:
670
# The byte_arrays option is not supported yet on
671
# signatures other than "ay".
672
if prop._dbus_signature != "ay":
673
raise ValueError
674
value = dbus.ByteArray(''.join(unichr(byte)
675
for byte in value))
676
prop(value)
677
678
@dbus.service.method(dbus.PROPERTIES_IFACE, in_signature="s",
679
out_signature="a{sv}")
680
def GetAll(self, interface_name):
681
"""Standard D-Bus property GetAll() method, see D-Bus
682
standard.
683
684
Note: Will not include properties with access="write".
685
"""
686
all = {}
687
for name, prop in self._get_all_dbus_properties():
688
if (interface_name
689
and interface_name != prop._dbus_interface):
690
# Interface non-empty but did not match
691
continue
692
# Ignore write-only properties
693
if prop._dbus_access == "write":
694
continue
695
value = prop()
696
if not hasattr(value, "variant_level"):
697
all[name] = value
698
continue
699
all[name] = type(value)(value, variant_level=
700
value.variant_level+1)
701
return dbus.Dictionary(all, signature="sv")
702
703
@dbus.service.method(dbus.INTROSPECTABLE_IFACE,
704
out_signature="s",
705
path_keyword='object_path',
706
connection_keyword='connection')
707
def Introspect(self, object_path, connection):
708
"""Standard D-Bus method, overloaded to insert property tags.
709
"""
710
xmlstring = dbus.service.Object.Introspect(self, object_path,
711
connection)
712
try:
713
document = xml.dom.minidom.parseString(xmlstring)
714
def make_tag(document, name, prop):
715
e = document.createElement("property")
716
e.setAttribute("name", name)
717
e.setAttribute("type", prop._dbus_signature)
718
e.setAttribute("access", prop._dbus_access)
719
return e
720
for if_tag in document.getElementsByTagName("interface"):
721
for tag in (make_tag(document, name, prop)
722
for name, prop
723
in self._get_all_dbus_properties()
724
if prop._dbus_interface
725
== if_tag.getAttribute("name")):
726
if_tag.appendChild(tag)
727
# Add the names to the return values for the
728
# "org.freedesktop.DBus.Properties" methods
729
if (if_tag.getAttribute("name")
730
== "org.freedesktop.DBus.Properties"):
731
for cn in if_tag.getElementsByTagName("method"):
732
if cn.getAttribute("name") == "Get":
733
for arg in cn.getElementsByTagName("arg"):
734
if (arg.getAttribute("direction")
735
== "out"):
736
arg.setAttribute("name", "value")
737
elif cn.getAttribute("name") == "GetAll":
738
for arg in cn.getElementsByTagName("arg"):
739
if (arg.getAttribute("direction")
740
== "out"):
741
arg.setAttribute("name", "props")
742
xmlstring = document.toxml("utf-8")
743
document.unlink()
744
except (AttributeError, xml.dom.DOMException,
745
xml.parsers.expat.ExpatError) as error:
746
logger.error("Failed to override Introspection method",
747
error)
748
return xmlstring
749
750
751
def datetime_to_dbus (dt, variant_level=0):
752
"""Convert a UTC datetime.datetime() to a D-Bus type."""
753
if dt is None:
754
return dbus.String("", variant_level = variant_level)
755
return dbus.String(dt.isoformat(),
756
variant_level=variant_level)
757
758
class transitional_dbus_metaclass(DBusObjectWithProperties.__metaclass__):
759
def __new__(mcs, name, bases, attr):
760
for attrname, old_dbusobj in inspect.getmembers(bases[0]):
761
new_interface = getattr(old_dbusobj, "_dbus_interface", "").replace("se.bsnet.fukt.", "se.recompile.")
762
if (getattr(old_dbusobj, "_dbus_is_signal", False)
763
and old_dbusobj._dbus_interface.startswith("se.bsnet.fukt.Mandos")):
764
unwrappedfunc = dict(zip(old_dbusobj.func_code.co_freevars,
765
old_dbusobj.__closure__))["func"].cell_contents
766
newfunc = types.FunctionType(unwrappedfunc.func_code,
767
unwrappedfunc.func_globals,
768
unwrappedfunc.func_name,
769
unwrappedfunc.func_defaults,
770
unwrappedfunc.func_closure)
771
new_dbusfunc = dbus.service.signal(
772
new_interface, old_dbusobj._dbus_signature)(newfunc)
773
attr["_transitional_" + attrname] = new_dbusfunc
774
775
def fixscope(func1, func2):
776
def newcall(*args, **kwargs):
777
func1(*args, **kwargs)
778
func2(*args, **kwargs)
779
return newcall
780
781
attr[attrname] = fixscope(old_dbusobj, new_dbusfunc)
782
783
elif (getattr(old_dbusobj, "_dbus_is_method", False)
784
and old_dbusobj._dbus_interface.startswith("se.bsnet.fukt.Mandos")):
785
new_dbusfunc = (dbus.service.method
786
(new_interface,
787
old_dbusobj._dbus_in_signature,
788
old_dbusobj._dbus_out_signature)
789
(types.FunctionType
790
(old_dbusobj.func_code,
791
old_dbusobj.func_globals,
792
old_dbusobj.func_name,
793
old_dbusobj.func_defaults,
794
old_dbusobj.func_closure)))
795
796
attr[attrname] = new_dbusfunc
797
elif (getattr(old_dbusobj, "_dbus_is_property", False)
798
and old_dbusobj._dbus_interface.startswith("se.bsnet.fukt.Mandos")):
799
new_dbusfunc = (dbus_service_property
800
(new_interface,
801
old_dbusobj._dbus_signature,
802
old_dbusobj._dbus_access,
803
old_dbusobj._dbus_get_args_options["byte_arrays"])
804
(types.FunctionType
805
(old_dbusobj.func_code,
806
old_dbusobj.func_globals,
807
old_dbusobj.func_name,
808
old_dbusobj.func_defaults,
809
old_dbusobj.func_closure)))
810
811
attr[attrname] = new_dbusfunc
812
return type.__new__(mcs, name, bases, attr)
813
814
class ClientDBus(Client, DBusObjectWithProperties):
815
"""A Client class using D-Bus
816
817
Attributes:
818
dbus_object_path: dbus.ObjectPath
819
bus: dbus.SystemBus()
820
"""
821
822
runtime_expansions = (Client.runtime_expansions
823
+ ("dbus_object_path",))
824
825
# dbus.service.Object doesn't use super(), so we can't either.
826
827
def __init__(self, bus = None, *args, **kwargs):
828
self._approvals_pending = 0
829
self.bus = bus
830
Client.__init__(self, *args, **kwargs)
831
# Only now, when this client is initialized, can it show up on
832
# the D-Bus
833
client_object_name = unicode(self.name).translate(
834
{ord("."): ord("_"),
835
ord("-"): ord("_")})
836
self.dbus_object_path = (dbus.ObjectPath
837
("/clients/" + client_object_name))
838
DBusObjectWithProperties.__init__(self, self.bus,
839
self.dbus_object_path)
840
841
def notifychangeproperty(transform_func,
842
dbus_name, type_func=lambda x: x,
843
variant_level=1):
844
""" Modify a variable so that its a property that announce its
845
changes to DBus.
846
transform_fun: Function that takes a value and transform it to
847
DBus type.
848
dbus_name: DBus name of the variable
849
type_func: Function that transform the value before sending it
850
to DBus
851
variant_level: DBus variant level. default: 1
852
"""
853
real_value = [None,]
854
def setter(self, value):
855
old_value = real_value[0]
856
real_value[0] = value
857
if hasattr(self, "dbus_object_path"):
858
if type_func(old_value) != type_func(real_value[0]):
859
dbus_value = transform_func(type_func(real_value[0]),
860
variant_level)
861
self.PropertyChanged(dbus.String(dbus_name),
862
dbus_value)
863
864
return property(lambda self: real_value[0], setter)
865
866
867
expires = notifychangeproperty(datetime_to_dbus, "Expires")
868
approvals_pending = notifychangeproperty(dbus.Boolean,
869
"ApprovalPending",
870
type_func = bool)
871
enabled = notifychangeproperty(dbus.Boolean, "Enabled")
872
last_enabled = notifychangeproperty(datetime_to_dbus,
873
"LastEnabled")
874
checker = notifychangeproperty(dbus.Boolean, "CheckerRunning",
875
type_func = lambda checker: checker is not None)
876
last_checked_ok = notifychangeproperty(datetime_to_dbus,
877
"LastCheckedOK")
878
last_approval_request = notifychangeproperty(datetime_to_dbus,
879
"LastApprovalRequest")
880
approved_by_default = notifychangeproperty(dbus.Boolean,
881
"ApprovedByDefault")
882
approval_delay = notifychangeproperty(dbus.UInt16, "ApprovalDelay",
883
type_func = _timedelta_to_milliseconds)
884
approval_duration = notifychangeproperty(dbus.UInt16, "ApprovalDuration",
885
type_func = _timedelta_to_milliseconds)
886
host = notifychangeproperty(dbus.String, "Host")
887
timeout = notifychangeproperty(dbus.UInt16, "Timeout",
888
type_func = _timedelta_to_milliseconds)
889
extended_timeout = notifychangeproperty(dbus.UInt16, "ExtendedTimeout",
890
type_func = _timedelta_to_milliseconds)
891
interval = notifychangeproperty(dbus.UInt16, "Interval",
892
type_func = _timedelta_to_milliseconds)
893
checker_command = notifychangeproperty(dbus.String, "Checker")
894
895
del notifychangeproperty
896
897
def __del__(self, *args, **kwargs):
898
try:
899
self.remove_from_connection()
900
except LookupError:
901
pass
902
if hasattr(DBusObjectWithProperties, "__del__"):
903
DBusObjectWithProperties.__del__(self, *args, **kwargs)
904
Client.__del__(self, *args, **kwargs)
905
906
def checker_callback(self, pid, condition, command,
907
*args, **kwargs):
908
self.checker_callback_tag = None
909
self.checker = None
910
if os.WIFEXITED(condition):
911
exitstatus = os.WEXITSTATUS(condition)
912
# Emit D-Bus signal
913
self.CheckerCompleted(dbus.Int16(exitstatus),
914
dbus.Int64(condition),
915
dbus.String(command))
916
else:
917
# Emit D-Bus signal
918
self.CheckerCompleted(dbus.Int16(-1),
919
dbus.Int64(condition),
920
dbus.String(command))
921
922
return Client.checker_callback(self, pid, condition, command,
923
*args, **kwargs)
924
925
def start_checker(self, *args, **kwargs):
926
old_checker = self.checker
927
if self.checker is not None:
928
old_checker_pid = self.checker.pid
929
else:
930
old_checker_pid = None
931
r = Client.start_checker(self, *args, **kwargs)
932
# Only if new checker process was started
933
if (self.checker is not None
934
and old_checker_pid != self.checker.pid):
935
# Emit D-Bus signal
936
self.CheckerStarted(self.current_checker_command)
937
return r
938
939
def _reset_approved(self):
940
self._approved = None
941
return False
942
943
def approve(self, value=True):
944
self.send_changedstate()
945
self._approved = value
946
gobject.timeout_add(_timedelta_to_milliseconds
947
(self.approval_duration),
948
self._reset_approved)
949
950
951
## D-Bus methods, signals & properties
952
_interface = "se.bsnet.fukt.Mandos.Client"
953
954
## Signals
955
956
# CheckerCompleted - signal
957
@dbus.service.signal(_interface, signature="nxs")
958
def CheckerCompleted(self, exitcode, waitstatus, command):
959
"D-Bus signal"
960
pass
961
962
# CheckerStarted - signal
963
@dbus.service.signal(_interface, signature="s")
964
def CheckerStarted(self, command):
965
"D-Bus signal"
966
pass
967
968
# PropertyChanged - signal
969
@dbus.service.signal(_interface, signature="sv")
970
def PropertyChanged(self, property, value):
971
"D-Bus signal"
972
pass
973
974
# GotSecret - signal
975
@dbus.service.signal(_interface)
976
def GotSecret(self):
977
"""D-Bus signal
978
Is sent after a successful transfer of secret from the Mandos
979
server to mandos-client
980
"""
981
pass
982
983
# Rejected - signal
984
@dbus.service.signal(_interface, signature="s")
985
def Rejected(self, reason):
986
"D-Bus signal"
987
pass
988
989
# NeedApproval - signal
990
@dbus.service.signal(_interface, signature="tb")
991
def NeedApproval(self, timeout, default):
992
"D-Bus signal"
993
return self.need_approval()
994
995
## Methods
996
997
# Approve - method
998
@dbus.service.method(_interface, in_signature="b")
999
def Approve(self, value):
1000
self.approve(value)
1001
1002
# CheckedOK - method
1003
@dbus.service.method(_interface)
1004
def CheckedOK(self):
1005
self.checked_ok()
1006
1007
# Enable - method
1008
@dbus.service.method(_interface)
1009
def Enable(self):
1010
"D-Bus method"
1011
self.enable()
1012
1013
# StartChecker - method
1014
@dbus.service.method(_interface)
1015
def StartChecker(self):
1016
"D-Bus method"
1017
self.start_checker()
1018
1019
# Disable - method
1020
@dbus.service.method(_interface)
1021
def Disable(self):
1022
"D-Bus method"
1023
self.disable()
1024
1025
# StopChecker - method
1026
@dbus.service.method(_interface)
1027
def StopChecker(self):
1028
self.stop_checker()
1029
1030
## Properties
1031
1032
# ApprovalPending - property
1033
@dbus_service_property(_interface, signature="b", access="read")
1034
def ApprovalPending_dbus_property(self):
1035
return dbus.Boolean(bool(self.approvals_pending))
1036
1037
# ApprovedByDefault - property
1038
@dbus_service_property(_interface, signature="b",
1039
access="readwrite")
1040
def ApprovedByDefault_dbus_property(self, value=None):
1041
if value is None: # get
1042
return dbus.Boolean(self.approved_by_default)
1043
self.approved_by_default = bool(value)
1044
1045
# ApprovalDelay - property
1046
@dbus_service_property(_interface, signature="t",
1047
access="readwrite")
1048
def ApprovalDelay_dbus_property(self, value=None):
1049
if value is None: # get
1050
return dbus.UInt64(self.approval_delay_milliseconds())
1051
self.approval_delay = datetime.timedelta(0, 0, 0, value)
1052
1053
# ApprovalDuration - property
1054
@dbus_service_property(_interface, signature="t",
1055
access="readwrite")
1056
def ApprovalDuration_dbus_property(self, value=None):
1057
if value is None: # get
1058
return dbus.UInt64(_timedelta_to_milliseconds(
1059
self.approval_duration))
1060
self.approval_duration = datetime.timedelta(0, 0, 0, value)
1061
1062
# Name - property
1063
@dbus_service_property(_interface, signature="s", access="read")
1064
def Name_dbus_property(self):
1065
return dbus.String(self.name)
1066
1067
# Fingerprint - property
1068
@dbus_service_property(_interface, signature="s", access="read")
1069
def Fingerprint_dbus_property(self):
1070
return dbus.String(self.fingerprint)
1071
1072
# Host - property
1073
@dbus_service_property(_interface, signature="s",
1074
access="readwrite")
1075
def Host_dbus_property(self, value=None):
1076
if value is None: # get
1077
return dbus.String(self.host)
1078
self.host = value
1079
1080
# Created - property
1081
@dbus_service_property(_interface, signature="s", access="read")
1082
def Created_dbus_property(self):
1083
return dbus.String(datetime_to_dbus(self.created))
1084
1085
# LastEnabled - property
1086
@dbus_service_property(_interface, signature="s", access="read")
1087
def LastEnabled_dbus_property(self):
1088
return datetime_to_dbus(self.last_enabled)
1089
1090
# Enabled - property
1091
@dbus_service_property(_interface, signature="b",
1092
access="readwrite")
1093
def Enabled_dbus_property(self, value=None):
1094
if value is None: # get
1095
return dbus.Boolean(self.enabled)
1096
if value:
1097
self.enable()
1098
else:
1099
self.disable()
1100
1101
# LastCheckedOK - property
1102
@dbus_service_property(_interface, signature="s",
1103
access="readwrite")
1104
def LastCheckedOK_dbus_property(self, value=None):
1105
if value is not None:
1106
self.checked_ok()
1107
return
1108
return datetime_to_dbus(self.last_checked_ok)
1109
1110
# Expires - property
1111
@dbus_service_property(_interface, signature="s", access="read")
1112
def Expires_dbus_property(self):
1113
return datetime_to_dbus(self.expires)
1114
1115
# LastApprovalRequest - property
1116
@dbus_service_property(_interface, signature="s", access="read")
1117
def LastApprovalRequest_dbus_property(self):
1118
return datetime_to_dbus(self.last_approval_request)
1119
1120
# Timeout - property
1121
@dbus_service_property(_interface, signature="t",
1122
access="readwrite")
1123
def Timeout_dbus_property(self, value=None):
1124
if value is None: # get
1125
return dbus.UInt64(self.timeout_milliseconds())
1126
self.timeout = datetime.timedelta(0, 0, 0, value)
1127
if getattr(self, "disable_initiator_tag", None) is None:
1128
return
1129
# Reschedule timeout
1130
gobject.source_remove(self.disable_initiator_tag)
1131
self.disable_initiator_tag = None
1132
self.expires = None
1133
time_to_die = (self.
1134
_timedelta_to_milliseconds((self
1135
.last_checked_ok
1136
+ self.timeout)
1137
- datetime.datetime
1138
.utcnow()))
1139
if time_to_die <= 0:
1140
# The timeout has passed
1141
self.disable()
1142
else:
1143
self.expires = (datetime.datetime.utcnow()
1144
+ datetime.timedelta(milliseconds = time_to_die))
1145
self.disable_initiator_tag = (gobject.timeout_add
1146
(time_to_die, self.disable))
1147
1148
# ExtendedTimeout - property
1149
@dbus_service_property(_interface, signature="t",
1150
access="readwrite")
1151
def ExtendedTimeout_dbus_property(self, value=None):
1152
if value is None: # get
1153
return dbus.UInt64(self.extended_timeout_milliseconds())
1154
self.extended_timeout = datetime.timedelta(0, 0, 0, value)
1155
1156
# Interval - property
1157
@dbus_service_property(_interface, signature="t",
1158
access="readwrite")
1159
def Interval_dbus_property(self, value=None):
1160
if value is None: # get
1161
return dbus.UInt64(self.interval_milliseconds())
1162
self.interval = datetime.timedelta(0, 0, 0, value)
1163
if getattr(self, "checker_initiator_tag", None) is None:
1164
return
1165
# Reschedule checker run
1166
gobject.source_remove(self.checker_initiator_tag)
1167
self.checker_initiator_tag = (gobject.timeout_add
1168
(value, self.start_checker))
1169
self.start_checker() # Start one now, too
1170
1171
# Checker - property
1172
@dbus_service_property(_interface, signature="s",
1173
access="readwrite")
1174
def Checker_dbus_property(self, value=None):
1175
if value is None: # get
1176
return dbus.String(self.checker_command)
1177
self.checker_command = value
1178
1179
# CheckerRunning - property
1180
@dbus_service_property(_interface, signature="b",
1181
access="readwrite")
1182
def CheckerRunning_dbus_property(self, value=None):
1183
if value is None: # get
1184
return dbus.Boolean(self.checker is not None)
1185
if value:
1186
self.start_checker()
1187
else:
1188
self.stop_checker()
1189
1190
# ObjectPath - property
1191
@dbus_service_property(_interface, signature="o", access="read")
1192
def ObjectPath_dbus_property(self):
1193
return self.dbus_object_path # is already a dbus.ObjectPath
1194
1195
# Secret = property
1196
@dbus_service_property(_interface, signature="ay",
1197
access="write", byte_arrays=True)
1198
def Secret_dbus_property(self, value):
1199
self.secret = str(value)
1200
1201
del _interface
1202
1203
1204
class ProxyClient(object):
1205
def __init__(self, child_pipe, fpr, address):
1206
self._pipe = child_pipe
1207
self._pipe.send(('init', fpr, address))
1208
if not self._pipe.recv():
1209
raise KeyError()
1210
1211
def __getattribute__(self, name):
1212
if(name == '_pipe'):
1213
return super(ProxyClient, self).__getattribute__(name)
1214
self._pipe.send(('getattr', name))
1215
data = self._pipe.recv()
1216
if data[0] == 'data':
1217
return data[1]
1218
if data[0] == 'function':
1219
def func(*args, **kwargs):
1220
self._pipe.send(('funcall', name, args, kwargs))
1221
return self._pipe.recv()[1]
1222
return func
1223
1224
def __setattr__(self, name, value):
1225
if(name == '_pipe'):
1226
return super(ProxyClient, self).__setattr__(name, value)
1227
self._pipe.send(('setattr', name, value))
1228
1229
class ClientDBusTransitional(ClientDBus):
1230
__metaclass__ = transitional_dbus_metaclass
1231
1232
class ClientHandler(socketserver.BaseRequestHandler, object):
1233
"""A class to handle client connections.
1234
1235
Instantiated once for each connection to handle it.
442
1236
Note: This will run in its own forked process."""
443
1237
444
1238
def handle(self):
445
logger.info(u"TCP connection from: %s",
446
unicode(self.client_address))
447
session = gnutls.connection.ClientSession\
448
(self.request, gnutls.connection.X509Credentials())
449
450
line = self.request.makefile().readline()
451
logger.debug(u"Protocol version: %r", line)
452
try:
453
if int(line.strip().split()[0]) > 1:
454
raise RuntimeError
455
except (ValueError, IndexError, RuntimeError), error:
456
logger.error(u"Unknown protocol version: %s", error)
457
return
458
459
# Note: gnutls.connection.X509Credentials is really a generic
460
# GnuTLS certificate credentials object so long as no X.509
461
# keys are added to it. Therefore, we can use it here despite
462
# using OpenPGP certificates.
463
464
#priority = ':'.join(("NONE", "+VERS-TLS1.1", "+AES-256-CBC",
465
# "+SHA1", "+COMP-NULL", "+CTYPE-OPENPGP",
466
# "+DHE-DSS"))
467
priority = "NORMAL" # Fallback default, since this
468
# MUST be set.
469
if self.server.settings["priority"]:
470
priority = self.server.settings["priority"]
471
gnutls.library.functions.gnutls_priority_set_direct\
472
(session._c_object, priority, None);
473
474
try:
475
session.handshake()
476
except gnutls.errors.GNUTLSError, error:
477
logger.warning(u"Handshake failed: %s", error)
478
# Do not run session.bye() here: the session is not
479
# established. Just abandon the request.
480
return
481
try:
482
fpr = fingerprint(peer_certificate(session))
483
except (TypeError, gnutls.errors.GNUTLSError), error:
484
logger.warning(u"Bad certificate: %s", error)
485
session.bye()
486
return
487
logger.debug(u"Fingerprint: %s", fpr)
488
client = None
489
for c in self.server.clients:
490
if c.fingerprint == fpr:
491
client = c
492
break
493
if not client:
494
logger.warning(u"Client not found for fingerprint: %s",
495
fpr)
496
session.bye()
497
return
498
# Have to check if client.still_valid(), since it is possible
499
# that the client timed out while establishing the GnuTLS
500
# session.
501
if not client.still_valid():
502
logger.warning(u"Client %(name)s is invalid",
503
vars(client))
504
session.bye()
505
return
506
sent_size = 0
507
while sent_size < len(client.secret):
508
sent = session.send(client.secret[sent_size:])
509
logger.debug(u"Sent: %d, remaining: %d",
510
sent, len(client.secret)
511
- (sent_size + sent))
512
sent_size += sent
513
session.bye()
514
515
516
class IPv6_TCPServer(SocketServer.ForkingTCPServer, object):
517
"""IPv6 TCP server. Accepts 'None' as address and/or port.
1239
with contextlib.closing(self.server.child_pipe) as child_pipe:
1240
logger.info("TCP connection from: %s",
1241
unicode(self.client_address))
1242
logger.debug("Pipe FD: %d",
1243
self.server.child_pipe.fileno())
1244
1245
session = (gnutls.connection
1246
.ClientSession(self.request,
1247
gnutls.connection
1248
.X509Credentials()))
1249
1250
# Note: gnutls.connection.X509Credentials is really a
1251
# generic GnuTLS certificate credentials object so long as
1252
# no X.509 keys are added to it. Therefore, we can use it
1253
# here despite using OpenPGP certificates.
1254
1255
#priority = ':'.join(("NONE", "+VERS-TLS1.1",
1256
# "+AES-256-CBC", "+SHA1",
1257
# "+COMP-NULL", "+CTYPE-OPENPGP",
1258
# "+DHE-DSS"))
1259
# Use a fallback default, since this MUST be set.
1260
priority = self.server.gnutls_priority
1261
if priority is None:
1262
priority = "NORMAL"
1263
(gnutls.library.functions
1264
.gnutls_priority_set_direct(session._c_object,
1265
priority, None))
1266
1267
# Start communication using the Mandos protocol
1268
# Get protocol number
1269
line = self.request.makefile().readline()
1270
logger.debug("Protocol version: %r", line)
1271
try:
1272
if int(line.strip().split()[0]) > 1:
1273
raise RuntimeError
1274
except (ValueError, IndexError, RuntimeError) as error:
1275
logger.error("Unknown protocol version: %s", error)
1276
return
1277
1278
# Start GnuTLS connection
1279
try:
1280
session.handshake()
1281
except gnutls.errors.GNUTLSError as error:
1282
logger.warning("Handshake failed: %s", error)
1283
# Do not run session.bye() here: the session is not
1284
# established. Just abandon the request.
1285
return
1286
logger.debug("Handshake succeeded")
1287
1288
approval_required = False
1289
try:
1290
try:
1291
fpr = self.fingerprint(self.peer_certificate
1292
(session))
1293
except (TypeError,
1294
gnutls.errors.GNUTLSError) as error:
1295
logger.warning("Bad certificate: %s", error)
1296
return
1297
logger.debug("Fingerprint: %s", fpr)
1298
1299
try:
1300
client = ProxyClient(child_pipe, fpr,
1301
self.client_address)
1302
except KeyError:
1303
return
1304
1305
if client.approval_delay:
1306
delay = client.approval_delay
1307
client.approvals_pending += 1
1308
approval_required = True
1309
1310
while True:
1311
if not client.enabled:
1312
logger.info("Client %s is disabled",
1313
client.name)
1314
if self.server.use_dbus:
1315
# Emit D-Bus signal
1316
client.Rejected("Disabled")
1317
return
1318
1319
if client._approved or not client.approval_delay:
1320
#We are approved or approval is disabled
1321
break
1322
elif client._approved is None:
1323
logger.info("Client %s needs approval",
1324
client.name)
1325
if self.server.use_dbus:
1326
# Emit D-Bus signal
1327
client.NeedApproval(
1328
client.approval_delay_milliseconds(),
1329
client.approved_by_default)
1330
else:
1331
logger.warning("Client %s was not approved",
1332
client.name)
1333
if self.server.use_dbus:
1334
# Emit D-Bus signal
1335
client.Rejected("Denied")
1336
return
1337
1338
#wait until timeout or approved
1339
#x = float(client._timedelta_to_milliseconds(delay))
1340
time = datetime.datetime.now()
1341
client.changedstate.acquire()
1342
client.changedstate.wait(float(client._timedelta_to_milliseconds(delay) / 1000))
1343
client.changedstate.release()
1344
time2 = datetime.datetime.now()
1345
if (time2 - time) >= delay:
1346
if not client.approved_by_default:
1347
logger.warning("Client %s timed out while"
1348
" waiting for approval",
1349
client.name)
1350
if self.server.use_dbus:
1351
# Emit D-Bus signal
1352
client.Rejected("Approval timed out")
1353
return
1354
else:
1355
break
1356
else:
1357
delay -= time2 - time
1358
1359
sent_size = 0
1360
while sent_size < len(client.secret):
1361
try:
1362
sent = session.send(client.secret[sent_size:])
1363
except gnutls.errors.GNUTLSError as error:
1364
logger.warning("gnutls send failed")
1365
return
1366
logger.debug("Sent: %d, remaining: %d",
1367
sent, len(client.secret)
1368
- (sent_size + sent))
1369
sent_size += sent
1370
1371
logger.info("Sending secret to %s", client.name)
1372
# bump the timeout as if seen
1373
client.checked_ok(client.extended_timeout)
1374
if self.server.use_dbus:
1375
# Emit D-Bus signal
1376
client.GotSecret()
1377
1378
finally:
1379
if approval_required:
1380
client.approvals_pending -= 1
1381
try:
1382
session.bye()
1383
except gnutls.errors.GNUTLSError as error:
1384
logger.warning("GnuTLS bye failed")
1385
1386
@staticmethod
1387
def peer_certificate(session):
1388
"Return the peer's OpenPGP certificate as a bytestring"
1389
# If not an OpenPGP certificate...
1390
if (gnutls.library.functions
1391
.gnutls_certificate_type_get(session._c_object)
1392
!= gnutls.library.constants.GNUTLS_CRT_OPENPGP):
1393
# ...do the normal thing
1394
return session.peer_certificate
1395
list_size = ctypes.c_uint(1)
1396
cert_list = (gnutls.library.functions
1397
.gnutls_certificate_get_peers
1398
(session._c_object, ctypes.byref(list_size)))
1399
if not bool(cert_list) and list_size.value != 0:
1400
raise gnutls.errors.GNUTLSError("error getting peer"
1401
" certificate")
1402
if list_size.value == 0:
1403
return None
1404
cert = cert_list[0]
1405
return ctypes.string_at(cert.data, cert.size)
1406
1407
@staticmethod
1408
def fingerprint(openpgp):
1409
"Convert an OpenPGP bytestring to a hexdigit fingerprint"
1410
# New GnuTLS "datum" with the OpenPGP public key
1411
datum = (gnutls.library.types
1412
.gnutls_datum_t(ctypes.cast(ctypes.c_char_p(openpgp),
1413
ctypes.POINTER
1414
(ctypes.c_ubyte)),
1415
ctypes.c_uint(len(openpgp))))
1416
# New empty GnuTLS certificate
1417
crt = gnutls.library.types.gnutls_openpgp_crt_t()
1418
(gnutls.library.functions
1419
.gnutls_openpgp_crt_init(ctypes.byref(crt)))
1420
# Import the OpenPGP public key into the certificate
1421
(gnutls.library.functions
1422
.gnutls_openpgp_crt_import(crt, ctypes.byref(datum),
1423
gnutls.library.constants
1424
.GNUTLS_OPENPGP_FMT_RAW))
1425
# Verify the self signature in the key
1426
crtverify = ctypes.c_uint()
1427
(gnutls.library.functions
1428
.gnutls_openpgp_crt_verify_self(crt, 0,
1429
ctypes.byref(crtverify)))
1430
if crtverify.value != 0:
1431
gnutls.library.functions.gnutls_openpgp_crt_deinit(crt)
1432
raise (gnutls.errors.CertificateSecurityError
1433
("Verify failed"))
1434
# New buffer for the fingerprint
1435
buf = ctypes.create_string_buffer(20)
1436
buf_len = ctypes.c_size_t()
1437
# Get the fingerprint from the certificate into the buffer
1438
(gnutls.library.functions
1439
.gnutls_openpgp_crt_get_fingerprint(crt, ctypes.byref(buf),
1440
ctypes.byref(buf_len)))
1441
# Deinit the certificate
1442
gnutls.library.functions.gnutls_openpgp_crt_deinit(crt)
1443
# Convert the buffer to a Python bytestring
1444
fpr = ctypes.string_at(buf, buf_len.value)
1445
# Convert the bytestring to hexadecimal notation
1446
hex_fpr = ''.join("%02X" % ord(char) for char in fpr)
1447
return hex_fpr
1448
1449
1450
class MultiprocessingMixIn(object):
1451
"""Like socketserver.ThreadingMixIn, but with multiprocessing"""
1452
def sub_process_main(self, request, address):
1453
try:
1454
self.finish_request(request, address)
1455
except:
1456
self.handle_error(request, address)
1457
self.close_request(request)
1458
1459
def process_request(self, request, address):
1460
"""Start a new process to process the request."""
1461
multiprocessing.Process(target = self.sub_process_main,
1462
args = (request, address)).start()
1463
1464
1465
class MultiprocessingMixInWithPipe(MultiprocessingMixIn, object):
1466
""" adds a pipe to the MixIn """
1467
def process_request(self, request, client_address):
1468
"""Overrides and wraps the original process_request().
1469
1470
This function creates a new pipe in self.pipe
1471
"""
1472
parent_pipe, self.child_pipe = multiprocessing.Pipe()
1473
1474
super(MultiprocessingMixInWithPipe,
1475
self).process_request(request, client_address)
1476
self.child_pipe.close()
1477
self.add_pipe(parent_pipe)
1478
1479
def add_pipe(self, parent_pipe):
1480
"""Dummy function; override as necessary"""
1481
raise NotImplementedError
1482
1483
1484
class IPv6_TCPServer(MultiprocessingMixInWithPipe,
1485
socketserver.TCPServer, object):
1486
"""IPv6-capable TCP server. Accepts 'None' as address and/or port
1487
518
1488
Attributes:
519
settings: Server settings
520
clients: Set() of Client objects
521
1489
enabled: Boolean; whether this server is activated yet
1490
interface: None or a network interface name (string)
1491
use_ipv6: Boolean; to use IPv6 or not
522
1492
"""
523
address_family = socket.AF_INET6
524
def __init__(self, *args, **kwargs):
525
if "settings" in kwargs:
526
self.settings = kwargs["settings"]
527
del kwargs["settings"]
528
if "clients" in kwargs:
529
self.clients = kwargs["clients"]
530
del kwargs["clients"]
531
self.enabled = False
532
return super(type(self), self).__init__(*args, **kwargs)
1493
def __init__(self, server_address, RequestHandlerClass,
1494
interface=None, use_ipv6=True):
1495
self.interface = interface
1496
if use_ipv6:
1497
self.address_family = socket.AF_INET6
1498
socketserver.TCPServer.__init__(self, server_address,
1499
RequestHandlerClass)
533
1500
def server_bind(self):
534
1501
"""This overrides the normal server_bind() function
535
1502
to bind to an interface if one was specified, and also NOT to
536
1503
bind to an address or port if they were not specified."""
537
if self.settings["interface"]:
538
# 25 is from /usr/include/asm-i486/socket.h
539
SO_BINDTODEVICE = getattr(socket, "SO_BINDTODEVICE", 25)
540
try:
541
self.socket.setsockopt(socket.SOL_SOCKET,
542
SO_BINDTODEVICE,
543
self.settings["interface"])
544
except socket.error, error:
545
if error[0] == errno.EPERM:
546
logger.error(u"No permission to"
547
u" bind to interface %s",
548
self.settings["interface"])
549
else:
550
raise error
1504
if self.interface is not None:
1505
if SO_BINDTODEVICE is None:
1506
logger.error("SO_BINDTODEVICE does not exist;"
1507
" cannot bind to interface %s",
1508
self.interface)
1509
else:
1510
try:
1511
self.socket.setsockopt(socket.SOL_SOCKET,
1512
SO_BINDTODEVICE,
1513
str(self.interface
1514
+ '\0'))
1515
except socket.error as error:
1516
if error[0] == errno.EPERM:
1517
logger.error("No permission to"
1518
" bind to interface %s",
1519
self.interface)
1520
elif error[0] == errno.ENOPROTOOPT:
1521
logger.error("SO_BINDTODEVICE not available;"
1522
" cannot bind to interface %s",
1523
self.interface)
1524
else:
1525
raise
551
1526
# Only bind(2) the socket if we really need to.
552
1527
if self.server_address[0] or self.server_address[1]:
553
1528
if not self.server_address[0]:
554
in6addr_any = "::"
555
self.server_address = (in6addr_any,
1529
if self.address_family == socket.AF_INET6:
1530
any_address = "::" # in6addr_any
1531
else:
1532
any_address = socket.INADDR_ANY
1533
self.server_address = (any_address,
556
1534
self.server_address[1])
557
1535
elif not self.server_address[1]:
558
1536
self.server_address = (self.server_address[0],
559
1537
0)
560
# if self.settings["interface"]:
1538
# if self.interface:
561
1539
# self.server_address = (self.server_address[0],
562
1540
# 0, # port
563
1541
# 0, # flowinfo
564
1542
# if_nametoindex
565
# (self.settings
566
# ["interface"]))
567
return super(type(self), self).server_bind()
1543
# (self.interface))
1544
return socketserver.TCPServer.server_bind(self)
1545
1546
1547
class MandosServer(IPv6_TCPServer):
1548
"""Mandos server.
1549
1550
Attributes:
1551
clients: set of Client objects
1552
gnutls_priority GnuTLS priority string
1553
use_dbus: Boolean; to emit D-Bus signals or not
1554
1555
Assumes a gobject.MainLoop event loop.
1556
"""
1557
def __init__(self, server_address, RequestHandlerClass,
1558
interface=None, use_ipv6=True, clients=None,
1559
gnutls_priority=None, use_dbus=True):
1560
self.enabled = False
1561
self.clients = clients
1562
if self.clients is None:
1563
self.clients = set()
1564
self.use_dbus = use_dbus
1565
self.gnutls_priority = gnutls_priority
1566
IPv6_TCPServer.__init__(self, server_address,
1567
RequestHandlerClass,
1568
interface = interface,
1569
use_ipv6 = use_ipv6)
568
1570
def server_activate(self):
569
1571
if self.enabled:
570
return super(type(self), self).server_activate()
1572
return socketserver.TCPServer.server_activate(self)
571
1573
def enable(self):
572
1574
self.enabled = True
1575
def add_pipe(self, parent_pipe):
1576
# Call "handle_ipc" for both data and EOF events
1577
gobject.io_add_watch(parent_pipe.fileno(),
1578
gobject.IO_IN | gobject.IO_HUP,
1579
functools.partial(self.handle_ipc,
1580
parent_pipe = parent_pipe))
1581
1582
def handle_ipc(self, source, condition, parent_pipe=None,
1583
client_object=None):
1584
condition_names = {
1585
gobject.IO_IN: "IN", # There is data to read.
1586
gobject.IO_OUT: "OUT", # Data can be written (without
1587
# blocking).
1588
gobject.IO_PRI: "PRI", # There is urgent data to read.
1589
gobject.IO_ERR: "ERR", # Error condition.
1590
gobject.IO_HUP: "HUP" # Hung up (the connection has been
1591
# broken, usually for pipes and
1592
# sockets).
1593
}
1594
conditions_string = ' | '.join(name
1595
for cond, name in
1596
condition_names.iteritems()
1597
if cond & condition)
1598
# error or the other end of multiprocessing.Pipe has closed
1599
if condition & (gobject.IO_ERR | condition & gobject.IO_HUP):
1600
return False
1601
1602
# Read a request from the child
1603
request = parent_pipe.recv()
1604
command = request[0]
1605
1606
if command == 'init':
1607
fpr = request[1]
1608
address = request[2]
1609
1610
for c in self.clients:
1611
if c.fingerprint == fpr:
1612
client = c
1613
break
1614
else:
1615
logger.info("Client not found for fingerprint: %s, ad"
1616
"dress: %s", fpr, address)
1617
if self.use_dbus:
1618
# Emit D-Bus signal
1619
mandos_dbus_service.ClientNotFound(fpr, address[0])
1620
parent_pipe.send(False)
1621
return False
1622
1623
gobject.io_add_watch(parent_pipe.fileno(),
1624
gobject.IO_IN | gobject.IO_HUP,
1625
functools.partial(self.handle_ipc,
1626
parent_pipe = parent_pipe,
1627
client_object = client))
1628
parent_pipe.send(True)
1629
# remove the old hook in favor of the new above hook on same fileno
1630
return False
1631
if command == 'funcall':
1632
funcname = request[1]
1633
args = request[2]
1634
kwargs = request[3]
1635
1636
parent_pipe.send(('data', getattr(client_object, funcname)(*args, **kwargs)))
1637
1638
if command == 'getattr':
1639
attrname = request[1]
1640
if callable(client_object.__getattribute__(attrname)):
1641
parent_pipe.send(('function',))
1642
else:
1643
parent_pipe.send(('data', client_object.__getattribute__(attrname)))
1644
1645
if command == 'setattr':
1646
attrname = request[1]
1647
value = request[2]
1648
setattr(client_object, attrname, value)
1649
1650
return True
573
1651
574
1652
575
1653
def string_to_delta(interval):
576
1654
"""Parse a string and return a datetime.timedelta
577
1655
578
1656
>>> string_to_delta('7d')
579
1657
datetime.timedelta(7)
580
1658
>>> string_to_delta('60s')
583
1661
datetime.timedelta(0, 3600)
584
1662
>>> string_to_delta('24h')
585
1663
datetime.timedelta(1)
586
>>> string_to_delta(u'1w')
1664
>>> string_to_delta('1w')
587
1665
datetime.timedelta(7)
588
1666
>>> string_to_delta('5m 30s')
589
1667
datetime.timedelta(0, 330)
591
1669
timevalue = datetime.timedelta(0)
592
1670
for s in interval.split():
593
1671
try:
594
suffix=unicode(s[-1])
595
value=int(s[:-1])
596
if suffix == u"d":
1672
suffix = unicode(s[-1])
1673
value = int(s[:-1])
1674
if suffix == "d":
597
1675
delta = datetime.timedelta(value)
598
elif suffix == u"s":
1676
elif suffix == "s":
599
1677
delta = datetime.timedelta(0, value)
600
elif suffix == u"m":
1678
elif suffix == "m":
601
1679
delta = datetime.timedelta(0, 0, 0, 0, value)
602
elif suffix == u"h":
1680
elif suffix == "h":
603
1681
delta = datetime.timedelta(0, 0, 0, 0, 0, value)
604
elif suffix == u"w":
1682
elif suffix == "w":
605
1683
delta = datetime.timedelta(0, 0, 0, 0, 0, 0, value)
606
1684
else:
607
raise ValueError
608
except (ValueError, IndexError):
609
raise ValueError
1685
raise ValueError("Unknown suffix %r" % suffix)
1686
except (ValueError, IndexError) as e:
1687
raise ValueError(*(e.args))
610
1688
timevalue += delta
611
1689
return timevalue
612
1690
613
1691
614
def server_state_changed(state):
615
"""Derived from the Avahi example code"""
616
if state == avahi.SERVER_COLLISION:
617
logger.error(u"Zeroconf server name collision")
618
service.remove()
619
elif state == avahi.SERVER_RUNNING:
620
service.add()
621
622
623
def entry_group_state_changed(state, error):
624
"""Derived from the Avahi example code"""
625
logger.debug(u"Avahi state change: %i", state)
626
627
if state == avahi.ENTRY_GROUP_ESTABLISHED:
628
logger.debug(u"Zeroconf service established.")
629
elif state == avahi.ENTRY_GROUP_COLLISION:
630
logger.warning(u"Zeroconf service name collision.")
631
service.rename()
632
elif state == avahi.ENTRY_GROUP_FAILURE:
633
logger.critical(u"Avahi: Error in group state changed %s",
634
unicode(error))
635
raise AvahiGroupError("State changed: %s", str(error))
636
637
1692
def if_nametoindex(interface):
638
"""Call the C function if_nametoindex(), or equivalent"""
1693
"""Call the C function if_nametoindex(), or equivalent
1694
1695
Note: This function cannot accept a unicode string."""
639
1696
global if_nametoindex
640
1697
try:
641
if "ctypes.util" not in sys.modules:
642
import ctypes.util
643
if_nametoindex = ctypes.cdll.LoadLibrary\
644
(ctypes.util.find_library("c")).if_nametoindex
1698
if_nametoindex = (ctypes.cdll.LoadLibrary
1699
(ctypes.util.find_library("c"))
1700
.if_nametoindex)
645
1701
except (OSError, AttributeError):
646
if "struct" not in sys.modules:
647
import struct
648
if "fcntl" not in sys.modules:
649
import fcntl
1702
logger.warning("Doing if_nametoindex the hard way")
650
1703
def if_nametoindex(interface):
651
1704
"Get an interface index the hard way, i.e. using fcntl()"
652
1705
SIOCGIFINDEX = 0x8933 # From /usr/include/linux/sockios.h
653
s = socket.socket()
654
ifreq = fcntl.ioctl(s, SIOCGIFINDEX,
655
struct.pack("16s16x", interface))
656
s.close()
657
interface_index = struct.unpack("I", ifreq[16:20])[0]
1706
with contextlib.closing(socket.socket()) as s:
1707
ifreq = fcntl.ioctl(s, SIOCGIFINDEX,
1708
struct.pack(str("16s16x"),
1709
interface))
1710
interface_index = struct.unpack(str("I"),
1711
ifreq[16:20])[0]
658
1712
return interface_index
659
1713
return if_nametoindex(interface)
660
1714
661
1715
662
1716
def daemon(nochdir = False, noclose = False):
663
1717
"""See daemon(3). Standard BSD Unix function.
1718
664
1719
This should really exist as os.daemon, but it doesn't (yet)."""
665
1720
if os.fork():
666
1721
sys.exit()
674
1729
null = os.open(os.path.devnull, os.O_NOCTTY | os.O_RDWR)
675
1730
if not stat.S_ISCHR(os.fstat(null).st_mode):
676
1731
raise OSError(errno.ENODEV,
677
"/dev/null not a character device")
1732
"%s not a character device"
1733
% os.path.devnull)
678
1734
os.dup2(null, sys.stdin.fileno())
679
1735
os.dup2(null, sys.stdout.fileno())
680
1736
os.dup2(null, sys.stderr.fileno())
683
1739
684
1740
685
1741
def main():
686
global main_loop_started
687
main_loop_started = False
688
689
parser = OptionParser(version = "%%prog %s" % version)
690
parser.add_option("-i", "--interface", type="string",
691
metavar="IF", help="Bind to interface IF")
692
parser.add_option("-a", "--address", type="string",
693
help="Address to listen for requests on")
694
parser.add_option("-p", "--port", type="int",
695
help="Port number to receive requests on")
696
parser.add_option("--check", action="store_true", default=False,
697
help="Run self-test")
698
parser.add_option("--debug", action="store_true",
699
help="Debug mode; run in foreground and log to"
700
" terminal")
701
parser.add_option("--priority", type="string", help="GnuTLS"
702
" priority string (see GnuTLS documentation)")
703
parser.add_option("--servicename", type="string", metavar="NAME",
704
help="Zeroconf service name")
705
parser.add_option("--configdir", type="string",
706
default="/etc/mandos", metavar="DIR",
707
help="Directory to search for configuration"
708
" files")
709
(options, args) = parser.parse_args()
1742
1743
##################################################################
1744
# Parsing of options, both command line and config file
1745
1746
parser = argparse.ArgumentParser()
1747
parser.add_argument("-v", "--version", action="version",
1748
version = "%%(prog)s %s" % version,
1749
help="show version number and exit")
1750
parser.add_argument("-i", "--interface", metavar="IF",
1751
help="Bind to interface IF")
1752
parser.add_argument("-a", "--address",
1753
help="Address to listen for requests on")
1754
parser.add_argument("-p", "--port", type=int,
1755
help="Port number to receive requests on")
1756
parser.add_argument("--check", action="store_true",
1757
help="Run self-test")
1758
parser.add_argument("--debug", action="store_true",
1759
help="Debug mode; run in foreground and log"
1760
" to terminal")
1761
parser.add_argument("--debuglevel", metavar="LEVEL",
1762
help="Debug level for stdout output")
1763
parser.add_argument("--priority", help="GnuTLS"
1764
" priority string (see GnuTLS documentation)")
1765
parser.add_argument("--servicename",
1766
metavar="NAME", help="Zeroconf service name")
1767
parser.add_argument("--configdir",
1768
default="/etc/mandos", metavar="DIR",
1769
help="Directory to search for configuration"
1770
" files")
1771
parser.add_argument("--no-dbus", action="store_false",
1772
dest="use_dbus", help="Do not provide D-Bus"
1773
" system bus interface")
1774
parser.add_argument("--no-ipv6", action="store_false",
1775
dest="use_ipv6", help="Do not use IPv6")
1776
options = parser.parse_args()
710
1777
711
1778
if options.check:
712
1779
import doctest
721
1788
"priority":
722
1789
"SECURE256:!CTYPE-X.509:+CTYPE-OPENPGP",
723
1790
"servicename": "Mandos",
1791
"use_dbus": "True",
1792
"use_ipv6": "True",
1793
"debuglevel": "",
724
1794
}
725
1795
726
1796
# Parse config file for server-global settings
727
server_config = ConfigParser.SafeConfigParser(server_defaults)
1797
server_config = configparser.SafeConfigParser(server_defaults)
728
1798
del server_defaults
729
server_config.read(os.path.join(options.configdir, "mandos.conf"))
1799
server_config.read(os.path.join(options.configdir,
1800
"mandos.conf"))
730
1801
# Convert the SafeConfigParser object to a dict
731
1802
server_settings = server_config.defaults()
732
# Use getboolean on the boolean config option
733
server_settings["debug"] = server_config.getboolean\
734
("DEFAULT", "debug")
1803
# Use the appropriate methods on the non-string config options
1804
for option in ("debug", "use_dbus", "use_ipv6"):
1805
server_settings[option] = server_config.getboolean("DEFAULT",
1806
option)
1807
if server_settings["port"]:
1808
server_settings["port"] = server_config.getint("DEFAULT",
1809
"port")
735
1810
del server_config
736
1811
737
1812
# Override the settings from the config file with command line
738
1813
# options, if set.
739
1814
for option in ("interface", "address", "port", "debug",
740
"priority", "servicename", "configdir"):
1815
"priority", "servicename", "configdir",
1816
"use_dbus", "use_ipv6", "debuglevel"):
741
1817
value = getattr(options, option)
742
1818
if value is not None:
743
1819
server_settings[option] = value
744
1820
del options
1821
# Force all strings to be unicode
1822
for option in server_settings.keys():
1823
if type(server_settings[option]) is str:
1824
server_settings[option] = unicode(server_settings[option])
745
1825
# Now we have our good server settings in "server_settings"
746
1826
1827
##################################################################
1828
1829
# For convenience
747
1830
debug = server_settings["debug"]
748
749
if not debug:
750
syslogger.setLevel(logging.WARNING)
751
console.setLevel(logging.WARNING)
1831
debuglevel = server_settings["debuglevel"]
1832
use_dbus = server_settings["use_dbus"]
1833
use_ipv6 = server_settings["use_ipv6"]
752
1834
753
1835
if server_settings["servicename"] != "Mandos":
754
syslogger.setFormatter(logging.Formatter\
755
('Mandos (%s): %%(levelname)s:'
756
' %%(message)s'
1836
syslogger.setFormatter(logging.Formatter
1837
('Mandos (%s) [%%(process)d]:'
1838
' %%(levelname)s: %%(message)s'
757
1839
% server_settings["servicename"]))
758
1840
759
1841
# Parse config file with clients
760
client_defaults = { "timeout": "1h",
761
"interval": "5m",
762
"checker": "fping -q -- %(host)s",
1842
client_defaults = { "timeout": "5m",
1843
"extended_timeout": "15m",
1844
"interval": "2m",
1845
"checker": "fping -q -- %%(host)s",
763
1846
"host": "",
1847
"approval_delay": "0s",
1848
"approval_duration": "1s",
764
1849
}
765
client_config = ConfigParser.SafeConfigParser(client_defaults)
1850
client_config = configparser.SafeConfigParser(client_defaults)
766
1851
client_config.read(os.path.join(server_settings["configdir"],
767
1852
"clients.conf"))
768
1853
769
clients = Set()
770
tcp_server = IPv6_TCPServer((server_settings["address"],
771
server_settings["port"]),
772
tcp_handler,
773
settings=server_settings,
774
clients=clients)
775
pidfilename = "/var/run/mandos.pid"
776
try:
777
pidfile = open(pidfilename, "w")
778
except IOError, error:
779
logger.error("Could not open file %r", pidfilename)
780
781
uid = 65534
782
gid = 65534
783
try:
784
uid = pwd.getpwnam("mandos").pw_uid
785
except KeyError:
786
try:
787
uid = pwd.getpwnam("nobody").pw_uid
788
except KeyError:
789
pass
790
try:
791
gid = pwd.getpwnam("mandos").pw_gid
792
except KeyError:
793
try:
794
gid = pwd.getpwnam("nogroup").pw_gid
795
except KeyError:
796
pass
797
try:
1854
global mandos_dbus_service
1855
mandos_dbus_service = None
1856
1857
tcp_server = MandosServer((server_settings["address"],
1858
server_settings["port"]),
1859
ClientHandler,
1860
interface=(server_settings["interface"]
1861
or None),
1862
use_ipv6=use_ipv6,
1863
gnutls_priority=
1864
server_settings["priority"],
1865
use_dbus=use_dbus)
1866
if not debug:
1867
pidfilename = "/var/run/mandos.pid"
1868
try:
1869
pidfile = open(pidfilename, "w")
1870
except IOError:
1871
logger.error("Could not open file %r", pidfilename)
1872
1873
try:
1874
uid = pwd.getpwnam("_mandos").pw_uid
1875
gid = pwd.getpwnam("_mandos").pw_gid
1876
except KeyError:
1877
try:
1878
uid = pwd.getpwnam("mandos").pw_uid
1879
gid = pwd.getpwnam("mandos").pw_gid
1880
except KeyError:
1881
try:
1882
uid = pwd.getpwnam("nobody").pw_uid
1883
gid = pwd.getpwnam("nobody").pw_gid
1884
except KeyError:
1885
uid = 65534
1886
gid = 65534
1887
try:
1888
os.setgid(gid)
798
1889
os.setuid(uid)
799
os.setgid(gid)
800
except OSError, error:
1890
except OSError as error:
801
1891
if error[0] != errno.EPERM:
802
1892
raise error
803
1893
804
global service
805
service = AvahiService(name = server_settings["servicename"],
806
type = "_mandos._tcp", );
807
if server_settings["interface"]:
808
service.interface = if_nametoindex\
809
(server_settings["interface"])
810
811
global main_loop
812
global bus
813
global server
814
# From the Avahi example code
815
DBusGMainLoop(set_as_default=True )
816
main_loop = gobject.MainLoop()
817
bus = dbus.SystemBus()
818
server = dbus.Interface(bus.get_object(avahi.DBUS_NAME,
819
avahi.DBUS_PATH_SERVER),
820
avahi.DBUS_INTERFACE_SERVER)
821
# End of Avahi example code
822
823
def remove_from_clients(client):
824
clients.remove(client)
825
if not clients:
826
logger.critical(u"No clients left, exiting")
827
sys.exit()
828
829
clients.update(Set(Client(name = section,
830
stop_hook = remove_from_clients,
831
config
832
= dict(client_config.items(section)))
833
for section in client_config.sections()))
834
if not clients:
835
logger.critical(u"No clients defined")
836
sys.exit(1)
1894
if not debug and not debuglevel:
1895
syslogger.setLevel(logging.WARNING)
1896
console.setLevel(logging.WARNING)
1897
if debuglevel:
1898
level = getattr(logging, debuglevel.upper())
1899
syslogger.setLevel(level)
1900
console.setLevel(level)
837
1901
838
1902
if debug:
1903
# Enable all possible GnuTLS debugging
1904
1905
# "Use a log level over 10 to enable all debugging options."
1906
# - GnuTLS manual
1907
gnutls.library.functions.gnutls_global_set_log_level(11)
1908
1909
@gnutls.library.types.gnutls_log_func
1910
def debug_gnutls(level, string):
1911
logger.debug("GnuTLS: %s", string[:-1])
1912
1913
(gnutls.library.functions
1914
.gnutls_global_set_log_function(debug_gnutls))
1915
839
1916
# Redirect stdin so all checkers get /dev/null
840
1917
null = os.open(os.path.devnull, os.O_NOCTTY | os.O_RDWR)
841
1918
os.dup2(null, sys.stdin.fileno())
844
1921
else:
845
1922
# No console logging
846
1923
logger.removeHandler(console)
1924
1925
# Need to fork before connecting to D-Bus
1926
if not debug:
847
1927
# Close all input and output, do double fork, etc.
848
1928
daemon()
849
1929
850
try:
851
pid = os.getpid()
852
pidfile.write(str(pid) + "\n")
853
pidfile.close()
854
del pidfile
855
except IOError, err:
856
logger.error(u"Could not write to file %r with PID %d",
857
pidfilename, pid)
858
except NameError:
859
# "pidfile" was never created
860
pass
861
del pidfilename
1930
global main_loop
1931
# From the Avahi example code
1932
DBusGMainLoop(set_as_default=True )
1933
main_loop = gobject.MainLoop()
1934
bus = dbus.SystemBus()
1935
# End of Avahi example code
1936
if use_dbus:
1937
try:
1938
bus_name = dbus.service.BusName("se.bsnet.fukt.Mandos",
1939
bus, do_not_queue=True)
1940
bus_name2 = dbus.service.BusName("se.recompile.Mandos",
1941
bus, do_not_queue=True)
1942
except dbus.exceptions.NameExistsException as e:
1943
logger.error(unicode(e) + ", disabling D-Bus")
1944
use_dbus = False
1945
server_settings["use_dbus"] = False
1946
tcp_server.use_dbus = False
1947
protocol = avahi.PROTO_INET6 if use_ipv6 else avahi.PROTO_INET
1948
service = AvahiService(name = server_settings["servicename"],
1949
servicetype = "_mandos._tcp",
1950
protocol = protocol, bus = bus)
1951
if server_settings["interface"]:
1952
service.interface = (if_nametoindex
1953
(str(server_settings["interface"])))
1954
1955
global multiprocessing_manager
1956
multiprocessing_manager = multiprocessing.Manager()
1957
1958
client_class = Client
1959
if use_dbus:
1960
client_class = functools.partial(ClientDBusTransitional, bus = bus)
1961
def client_config_items(config, section):
1962
special_settings = {
1963
"approved_by_default":
1964
lambda: config.getboolean(section,
1965
"approved_by_default"),
1966
}
1967
for name, value in config.items(section):
1968
try:
1969
yield (name, special_settings[name]())
1970
except KeyError:
1971
yield (name, value)
1972
1973
tcp_server.clients.update(set(
1974
client_class(name = section,
1975
config= dict(client_config_items(
1976
client_config, section)))
1977
for section in client_config.sections()))
1978
if not tcp_server.clients:
1979
logger.warning("No clients defined")
1980
1981
if not debug:
1982
try:
1983
with pidfile:
1984
pid = os.getpid()
1985
pidfile.write(str(pid) + "\n".encode("utf-8"))
1986
del pidfile
1987
except IOError:
1988
logger.error("Could not write to file %r with PID %d",
1989
pidfilename, pid)
1990
except NameError:
1991
# "pidfile" was never created
1992
pass
1993
del pidfilename
1994
1995
signal.signal(signal.SIGINT, signal.SIG_IGN)
1996
1997
signal.signal(signal.SIGHUP, lambda signum, frame: sys.exit())
1998
signal.signal(signal.SIGTERM, lambda signum, frame: sys.exit())
1999
2000
if use_dbus:
2001
class MandosDBusService(dbus.service.Object):
2002
"""A D-Bus proxy object"""
2003
def __init__(self):
2004
dbus.service.Object.__init__(self, bus, "/")
2005
_interface = "se.bsnet.fukt.Mandos"
2006
2007
@dbus.service.signal(_interface, signature="o")
2008
def ClientAdded(self, objpath):
2009
"D-Bus signal"
2010
pass
2011
2012
@dbus.service.signal(_interface, signature="ss")
2013
def ClientNotFound(self, fingerprint, address):
2014
"D-Bus signal"
2015
pass
2016
2017
@dbus.service.signal(_interface, signature="os")
2018
def ClientRemoved(self, objpath, name):
2019
"D-Bus signal"
2020
pass
2021
2022
@dbus.service.method(_interface, out_signature="ao")
2023
def GetAllClients(self):
2024
"D-Bus method"
2025
return dbus.Array(c.dbus_object_path
2026
for c in tcp_server.clients)
2027
2028
@dbus.service.method(_interface,
2029
out_signature="a{oa{sv}}")
2030
def GetAllClientsWithProperties(self):
2031
"D-Bus method"
2032
return dbus.Dictionary(
2033
((c.dbus_object_path, c.GetAll(""))
2034
for c in tcp_server.clients),
2035
signature="oa{sv}")
2036
2037
@dbus.service.method(_interface, in_signature="o")
2038
def RemoveClient(self, object_path):
2039
"D-Bus method"
2040
for c in tcp_server.clients:
2041
if c.dbus_object_path == object_path:
2042
tcp_server.clients.remove(c)
2043
c.remove_from_connection()
2044
# Don't signal anything except ClientRemoved
2045
c.disable(quiet=True)
2046
# Emit D-Bus signal
2047
self.ClientRemoved(object_path, c.name)
2048
return
2049
raise KeyError(object_path)
2050
2051
del _interface
2052
2053
class MandosDBusServiceTransitional(MandosDBusService):
2054
__metaclass__ = transitional_dbus_metaclass
2055
mandos_dbus_service = MandosDBusServiceTransitional()
862
2056
863
2057
def cleanup():
864
2058
"Cleanup function; run on exit"
865
global group
866
# From the Avahi example code
867
if not group is None:
868
group.Free()
869
group = None
870
# End of Avahi example code
2059
service.cleanup()
871
2060
872
while clients:
873
client = clients.pop()
874
client.stop_hook = None
875
client.stop()
2061
while tcp_server.clients:
2062
client = tcp_server.clients.pop()
2063
if use_dbus:
2064
client.remove_from_connection()
2065
client.disable_hook = None
2066
# Don't signal anything except ClientRemoved
2067
client.disable(quiet=True)
2068
if use_dbus:
2069
# Emit D-Bus signal
2070
mandos_dbus_service.ClientRemoved(client.dbus_object_path,
2071
client.name)
876
2072
877
2073
atexit.register(cleanup)
878
2074
879
if not debug:
880
signal.signal(signal.SIGINT, signal.SIG_IGN)
881
signal.signal(signal.SIGHUP, lambda signum, frame: sys.exit())
882
signal.signal(signal.SIGTERM, lambda signum, frame: sys.exit())
883
884
for client in clients:
885
client.start()
2075
for client in tcp_server.clients:
2076
if use_dbus:
2077
# Emit D-Bus signal
2078
mandos_dbus_service.ClientAdded(client.dbus_object_path)
2079
client.enable()
886
2080
887
2081
tcp_server.enable()
888
2082
tcp_server.server_activate()
889
2083
890
2084
# Find out what port we got
891
2085
service.port = tcp_server.socket.getsockname()[1]
892
logger.info(u"Now listening on address %r, port %d, flowinfo %d,"
893
u" scope_id %d" % tcp_server.socket.getsockname())
2086
if use_ipv6:
2087
logger.info("Now listening on address %r, port %d,"
2088
" flowinfo %d, scope_id %d"
2089
% tcp_server.socket.getsockname())
2090
else: # IPv4
2091
logger.info("Now listening on address %r, port %d"
2092
% tcp_server.socket.getsockname())
894
2093
895
2094
#service.interface = tcp_server.socket.getsockname()[3]
896
2095
897
2096
try:
898
2097
# From the Avahi example code
899
server.connect_to_signal("StateChanged", server_state_changed)
900
2098
try:
901
server_state_changed(server.GetState())
902
except dbus.exceptions.DBusException, error:
903
logger.critical(u"DBusException: %s", error)
2099
service.activate()
2100
except dbus.exceptions.DBusException as error:
2101
logger.critical("DBusException: %s", error)
2102
cleanup()
904
2103
sys.exit(1)
905
2104
# End of Avahi example code
906
2105
907
2106
gobject.io_add_watch(tcp_server.fileno(), gobject.IO_IN,
908
2107
lambda *args, **kwargs:
909
tcp_server.handle_request\
910
(*args[2:], **kwargs) or True)
2108
(tcp_server.handle_request
2109
(*args[2:], **kwargs) or True))
911
2110
912
logger.debug(u"Starting main loop")
913
main_loop_started = True
2111
logger.debug("Starting main loop")
914
2112
main_loop.run()
915
except AvahiError, error:
916
logger.critical(u"AvahiError: %s" + unicode(error))
2113
except AvahiError as error:
2114
logger.critical("AvahiError: %s", error)
2115
cleanup()
917
2116
sys.exit(1)
918
2117
except KeyboardInterrupt:
919
2118
if debug:
920
print
2119
print("", file=sys.stderr)
2120
logger.debug("Server received KeyboardInterrupt")
2121
logger.debug("Server exiting")
2122
# Must run before the D-Bus bus name gets deregistered
2123
cleanup()
2124
921
2125
922
2126
if __name__ == '__main__':
923
2127
main()
Loggerhead is a web-based interface for Breezy
Version: 2.0.2.dev0